& (1) & (2) & (3) & (4) & (5) \\
\textbf{Dropping partially treated} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{Participate index}   &  \multicolumn{1}{c}{Dem quality index}  &  \multicolumn{1}{c}{Dem support index} &  \multicolumn{1}{c}{Checks on pres index}  &  \multicolumn{1}{c}{Dem inst index} \\  \midrule
Post $\times$ Intensity&   -0.057         &    0.017         &    0.023         &    0.043         &    0.003         \\
                &  (0.070)         &  (0.044)         &  (0.033)         &  (0.044)         &  (0.037)         \\
Post $\times$ Intensity$\times$HE&    0.185         &    0.018         &    0.224         &    0.169         &    0.278\sym{**} \\
                &  (0.174)         &  (0.102)         &  (0.140)         &  (0.164)         &  (0.137)         \\
\midrule
Observations    &     2800         &     2792         &     2798         &     2787         &     2798         \\
DV Mean         &    1.238         &    0.904         &    1.182         &    1.173         &    1.193         \\

\midrule \\  \textbf{Region-specific trends} &  \multicolumn{1}{c}{Participate index}   &  \multicolumn{1}{c}{Dem quality index}  &  \multicolumn{1}{c}{Dem support index} &  \multicolumn{1}{c}{Checks on pres index}  &  \multicolumn{1}{c}{Dem inst index} \\  \midrule
Post $\times$ Intensity&   -0.004         &    0.052         &    0.052         &    0.064         &    0.037         \\
                &  (0.094)         &  (0.055)         &  (0.034)         &  (0.052)         &  (0.042)         \\
Post $\times$ Intensity$\times$HE&    0.331\sym{**} &   -0.216\sym{*}  &    0.180\sym{*}  &    0.191         &    0.168         \\
                &  (0.167)         &  (0.116)         &  (0.108)         &  (0.131)         &  (0.102)         \\
\midrule
Observations    &     2127         &     2127         &     2127         &     2122         &     2127         \\
DV Mean         &    1.377         &    1.044         &    1.202         &    1.168         &    1.238         \\

\midrule \\  \textbf{Using 1975-1997 sample} &  \multicolumn{1}{c}{Participate index}   &  \multicolumn{1}{c}{Dem quality index}  &  \multicolumn{1}{c}{Dem support index} &  \multicolumn{1}{c}{Checks on pres index}  &  \multicolumn{1}{c}{Dem inst index} \\  \midrule
Post $\times$ Intensity&   -0.049         &    0.009         &    0.028         &    0.044         &    0.011         \\
                &  (0.077)         &  (0.054)         &  (0.035)         &  (0.046)         &  (0.039)         \\
Post $\times$ Intensity$\times$HE&    0.334\sym{*}  &   -0.251\sym{*}  &    0.243\sym{**} &    0.248\sym{*}  &    0.242\sym{**} \\
                &  (0.172)         &  (0.143)         &  (0.114)         &  (0.138)         &  (0.110)         \\
\midrule
Observations    &     2520         &     2513         &     2518         &     2507         &     2518         \\
DV Mean         &    1.208         &    0.915         &    1.186         &    1.177         &    1.197         \\

\midrule \\  \textbf{5 year cohorts} &  \multicolumn{1}{c}{Participate index}   &  \multicolumn{1}{c}{Dem quality index}  &  \multicolumn{1}{c}{Dem support index} &  \multicolumn{1}{c}{Checks on pres index}  &  \multicolumn{1}{c}{Dem inst index} \\  \midrule
Post $\times$ Intensity&   -0.056         &    0.038         &    0.033         &    0.054         &    0.012         \\
                &  (0.072)         &  (0.045)         &  (0.032)         &  (0.042)         &  (0.037)         \\
Post $\times$ Intensity$\times$HE&    0.277\sym{*}  &   -0.247\sym{**} &    0.238\sym{**} &    0.245\sym{**} &    0.235\sym{**} \\
                &  (0.141)         &  (0.118)         &  (0.098)         &  (0.116)         &  (0.100)         \\
\midrule
Observations    &     3177         &     3169         &     3174         &     3162         &     3174         \\
DV Mean         &    1.241         &    0.906         &    1.181         &    1.172         &    1.192         \\

\midrule \\  \textbf{Drop populated CRs} &  \multicolumn{1}{c}{Participate index}   &  \multicolumn{1}{c}{Dem quality index}  &  \multicolumn{1}{c}{Dem support index} &  \multicolumn{1}{c}{Checks on pres index}  &  \multicolumn{1}{c}{Dem inst index} \\  \midrule
Post $\times$ Intensity&    0.030         &    0.072         &    0.048         &    0.096         &   -0.000         \\
                &  (0.099)         &  (0.055)         &  (0.045)         &  (0.062)         &  (0.052)         \\
Post $\times$ Intensity$\times$HE&    0.048         &   -0.366\sym{***}&    0.138         &    0.111         &    0.168         \\
                &  (0.174)         &  (0.132)         &  (0.109)         &  (0.121)         &  (0.121)         \\
\midrule
Observations    &     2254         &     2246         &     2251         &     2240         &     2251         \\
DV Mean         &    1.264         &    0.915         &    1.168         &    1.156         &    1.183         \\

\midrule \\  \textbf{Adding age as a control} &  \multicolumn{1}{c}{Participate index}   &  \multicolumn{1}{c}{Dem quality index}  &  \multicolumn{1}{c}{Dem support index} &  \multicolumn{1}{c}{Checks on pres index}  &  \multicolumn{1}{c}{Dem inst index} \\  \midrule
Post $\times$ Intensity&   -0.086         &    0.035         &    0.034         &    0.057         &    0.010         \\
                &  (0.081)         &  (0.050)         &  (0.031)         &  (0.043)         &  (0.036)         \\
Post $\times$ Intensity$\times$HE&    0.248         &   -0.324\sym{***}&    0.199\sym{**} &    0.228\sym{*}  &    0.176\sym{*}  \\
                &  (0.175)         &  (0.113)         &  (0.097)         &  (0.121)         &  (0.096)         \\
\midrule
Observations    &     3212         &     3204         &     3209         &     3197         &     3209         \\
DV Mean         &    1.238         &    0.903         &    1.181         &    1.173         &    1.192         \\
